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- WORLD, Page 50HAITIGeneral Without an Army
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- The military surprises an old Duvalier crony by siding with the
- government and crushing his coup attempt
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- President Ertha Pascal-Trouillot was at home with her family
- when an army tank driver knocked on her door at 10 p.m. As
- gunfire echoed in the distance, he told her there was trouble
- and that she would be safer at the presidential palace, three
- miles away in Port-au-Prince, the capital. On the way, the
- driver stopped to pick up a second passenger, a heavyset,
- balding man whom Pascal-Trouillot could not identify in the
- dark. Only after arriving at the palace did the President learn
- that her companion was Dr. Roger Lafontant, former head of the
- Tontons Macoutes militia, and that she was his hostage in a coup
- attempt.
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- Lafontant forced Pascal-Trouillot to resign and named
- himself provisional President. He told reporters that his
- putsch had the full backing of the military, blustering that
- President-elect Jean-Bertrand Aristide, the radical priest
- chosen by an overwhelming majority last month and scheduled to
- take office Feb. 7, was a "nobody."
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- But Lafontant, a gynecologist who was the muscle behind the
- regime of exiled dictator Jean-Claude ("Baby Doc") Duvalier
- from 1981 to 1985, turned out to be a general without an army.
- In an unprecedented gesture of support for democracy, the
- Haitian military, led by army Chief of Staff General Herard
- Abraham, declared its allegiance to the government. Less than
- 12 hours after the coup began, soldiers stormed the palace,
- freed Pascal-Trouillot and dragged off Lafontant and 15 of his
- henchmen in handcuffs.
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- The coup was quashed too late, however, to prevent a bloody
- and destructive outburst of public anger. A mob scaled the
- 10-ft.-high walls of Lafontant's Port-au-Prince compound,
- killing a dozen suspected Tontons Macoutes holed up inside.
- Infuriated at what was seen as support for the coup makers by
- the conservative Roman Catholic hierarchy, crowds torched
- Haiti's 220-year-old cathedral and destroyed the Vatican
- embassy, stripping the papal nuncio down to his shorts before
- he was rescued and assaulting his chief aide with a machete.
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- By the time it was over, more than 70 people had been killed
- in four days of violence. Aristide helped to calm the rioting
- throngs by calling for "vigilance without vengeance." In hiding
- after several assassination attempts, he should benefit from
- the capture of his main enemy, which leaves the Macoutes
- without a central leader. But the public is still suspicious
- of the army's loyalties, and has demanded a search for
- Lafontant's accomplices.
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- The military's backing for the constitutional process was
- anything but certain when Lafontant initiated his coup. The
- swaggering ex-Interior Minister had defiantly returned from
- five years of exile in July, but the army had failed to act on
- a warrant for his arrest, even after he declared that Aristide
- would never take office as President. The defeat of the
- takeover attempt apparently owes a great deal to U.S.
- diplomacy. Ambassador Alvin Adams and other officials have spent
- months trying to convince the military that staying out of
- politics is in its best interest. When the soldiers heeded the
- advice last week and sent Lafontant packing, Adams called it
- a "glorious day for democracy." Aristide should now have his
- chance to halt Haiti's long spiral into chaos.
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- By Michael S. Serrill. Reported by Bernard Diederich/
- Port-au-Prince.
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